The "short-section excavation and lining combined operation method", also known as "one excavation, one lining", is adopted to achieve close integration of excavation and permanent support, ensuring construction safety and shaft quality.
One.Shaft Collar Surface Layout System
The primary prerequisite for shaft sinking lies in establishing a fully functional and rationally laid-out permanent and temporary industrial yard.
1.Hoisting System
a.Mine Headframe:Install a sinking headframe at the shaft collar platform to serve as the core load-bearing structure throughout the construction period.
Mine Headframe:https://www.mininghoist.com/productshow-25.html
b.Mine Hoist Winch:Equip with a 2JK-3.0/20-type double-drum hoist (drum diameter φ3.0m) responsible for the vertical transport of materials, personnel, and equipment.
Mine Hoist Winch:https://www.mininghoist.com/productshow-3.html
c.Hoisting Conveyance:Use two 3m³ buckets for tasks such as muck hoisting and concrete pouring.
Hoisting Conveyance:https://www.mininghoist.com/productshow-17.html
An automatic muck discharge system, consisting of a chute and a tipping device, is installed on the second operating platform of the headframe to enable automated unloading of muck from the buckets.
4.Auxiliary Production Systems
a.Compressed Air System: Establish an air compressor station to supply power for pneumatic tools underground (such as raise climbers and grab loaders).
b.Ventilation System: Install ventilation fans to continuously deliver fresh airflow underground and exhaust harmful gases and dust.
c.Concrete Mixing System: Set up a concrete batching plant to supply concrete for shaft wall lining.
d.Processing System: Construct a rebar processing workshop for cutting and fabricating reinforcement bars used in shaft walls.
e.Core Buildings: Build a main hoist house to house and operate the primary hoisting equipment.
f.Administrative Area: Design an office and living zone to support construction management and logistics.
Two.Construction Technology for the Shaft Collar (Locking Mouth)
The shaft collar (or "locking mouth") serves as the "throat" of the vertical shaft, laying the foundation for shaft excavation and ensuring the safety of the shaft entrance.
a.Survey and Positioning:Based on the design drawings, accurately mark out the center cross lines of the shaft.
b.Excavation:Excavate the shaft collar foundation pit using an excavator.
c.Rebar Tying:After reaching the design excavation depth, proceed with rebar tying for the shaft collar foundation according to the design specifications.
d.Pouring and Temporary Support: Pour the concrete foundation. Simultaneously, construct a temporary shaft collar using red bricks (example dimensions: height 1.2m, width 1m) to serve as the initial shaft lining, preventing collapse of the shaft opening.
Pouring and Temporary Support: https://www.mininghoist.com/productshow-24.html
Three.Excavation and Lining Technology for the Bedrock Shaft Section (Short-Section Excavation and Lining Combined Operation Method)
This is the core cyclic operation of shaft sinking, with "drilling → blasting → mucking → support" forming one cycle unit.
1.Drilling:
a.The FJD-6C-type umbrella drilling rig, equipped with heavy-duty rock drills, is utilized for this process.
Drilling:https://www.mininghoist.com/productshow-59.html
b.Holes are marked and drilled strictly in accordance with the blast hole layout plan to ensure the desired blasting profile and effectiveness.
2.Blasting:
a.Explosives:Use No. 2 rock emulsion explosive.
b.Blasting Network:Adopt a series-parallel electric detonator initiation network.
c.Initiation Method:Employ a high-frequency exploder for remote initiation from a safe ground location.
3.Ventilation and Safety Inspection
a.After blasting, immediately activate the ventilation fan to rapidly exhaust blast fumes and harmful gases.
b.Personnel may only descend into the shaft after a safety inspection confirms that the working face is free of misfires and loose rocks.
4.Mucking and Drainage:
a.Use a center-rotary grab loader to load the blasted muck into the buckets.
b.The buckets are hoisted to the surface via the hoist, and the muck is discharged to the designated waste dump through the tipping system.
c.Simultaneously, carry out drainage at the shaft bottom to keep the working face dry.
5.Rebar Tying:
a.When the excavation section height reaches the design value (e.g., 3m), stop excavation.
b.Tie the shaft wall reinforcement according to the design requirements within the excavated section.
6.Template Assembly and Concrete Pouring:
a.Lower the metal sliding formwork to the predetermined position and secure it in place.
b.Concrete Transportation: Use 2.4 m³ bottom-dump buckets to transport concrete from the surface batching plant to the shaft bottom.
c.Pouring: Evenly distribute concrete into the formwork through a concrete spreader, with simultaneous vibration during pouring to ensure proper compaction.
d.Once the concrete of this shaft wall section reaches the required strength, the formwork can be stripped, and the next excavation-lining cycle can commence.
Summary:
This shaft sinking system centers on the headframe and double-drum hoist as the core lifting system, employs the umbrella drill blasting and rock grabber mucking as the key excavation methods, and adopts the short-section excavation-lining combined operation as the fundamental process. Supported by a comprehensive auxiliary system including steady winches, ventilation, compressed air, and mixing equipment, it forms a complete, safe, efficient, and standardized solution for vertical shaft construction. The entire process is interconnected and progresses in cycles until the shaft construction is completed.
Wanfeng Hoists & Winches – Dual Assurance for Efficiency and Safety in Mining
We employ over a hundred professional engineers with expertise in designing and executing multinational projects, ensuring full compliance and cost-effective operations. Through precise equipment selection and customized solutions, we provide mining operations with energy-efficient, power-saving hoisting systems tailored to your production needs—effectively avoiding issues like excessive power consumption and delays caused by improper equipment selection.
We offer one-stop technical solutions for shaft sinking and hoisting equipment, along with intelligent mine planning—all available with complimentary preliminary design services!
Contact Information
•WhatsApp: +86 138 3921 2896
•WeChat: 13839212896
•Website: www.mininghoist.com
•Catalog: https://www.mininghoist.com/upload/202510/11/202510110914407320.pdf
•Contact Us: https://www.mininghoist.com/contact.html
